PCOS affects approximately 1 in 10 women and is one of the most common causes of irregular periods and fertility challenges. Diagnosis typically uses the Rotterdam criteria: two of three — irregular/absent ovulation, clinical or biochemical signs of excess androgens (acne, excess hair growth), polycystic ovaries on ultrasound.
Insulin resistance is present in 50–70% of women with PCOS, driving elevated insulin, which stimulates androgen production and worsens the hormonal picture.
Nutrition strategies with evidence include: weight management (even 5–10% loss can restore ovulation in overweight women), reducing refined carbohydrates and added sugars to improve insulin sensitivity, adequate dietary fibre, and anti-inflammatory eating patterns. Inositol (myo-inositol ± d-chiro-inositol) is increasingly used for insulin signalling; evidence is promising but not yet conclusive.
PCOS is a complex condition needing individualised management. For an in-depth guide, read understanding PCOS through a nutrition lens. Work with your gynaecologist and a registered dietitian.