Endometriosis affects an estimated 1 in 10 women of reproductive age, though diagnosis is often delayed by years. Tissue deposits on the ovaries, fallopian tubes, bladder, or bowel trigger chronic inflammation, scar tissue, and pain — particularly around menstruation.
The dietary evidence is preliminary and often overstated. Anti-inflammatory eating patterns (high in omega-3-rich fish, vegetables, fruit, and whole grains; low in processed foods, refined sugars, and trans fats) are theoretically rational given the inflammatory nature of the disease, and one observational study linked higher red meat intake to increased risk. However, no diet has been shown in robust trials to reduce endometriosis lesions or reliably control pain.
Gut symptoms are common in endometriosis — partly because deposits can irritate the bowel, and partly because the condition shares overlap with IBS. Some women find low-FODMAP principles helpful for digestive symptoms, but this addresses gut sensitivity rather than endometriosis itself.
Endometriosis is a complex, chronic condition. Medical management — including hormonal therapy and, for severe disease, surgery — remains the mainstay. Nutrition is supportive. Work with a gynaecologist experienced in endometriosis and a registered dietitian.